What does the EV'S EIC mean?

Tag: Electric Vehicle; EV; EIC; new energy; battery; motor; electronic control system

For new energy vehicles, there are three key technologies that traditional vehicles don't have. The core of traditional vehicles is its three parts, while for pure electric vehicles, the most important part is its three-electric system. No matter from the millions of pure electric sports cars to the WULING MINI EV, it is inseparable from the three-electric system, which is the core component of new energy vehicles. So, what does the EIC of new energy vehicles mean?

The motor, power battery and electronic control system of the new energy vehicle are also called the core three components of the new energy vehicle, and they are collectively called the three electric systems.

1. The motor

According to the structure and principle, motors can be divided into three forms: DC drive, permanent magnet synchronization and AC induction. Different forms of motors have different characteristics.

① DC drive motor: its stator is a permanent magnet, and its rotor is electrified with DC. Junior high school physics knowledge tells us that the electrified conductor will be subjected to ampere force in the magnetic field, thus making the rotor rotate. This kind of motor has the advantages of low cost and low requirements for electronic control system, but the disadvantages are that it is relatively large and its power performance is weak. Generally, low-end electric scooter will use DC motor.

② Permanent magnet synchronous motor: Actually, it is also a DC motor, so its working principle is the same as that of a DC motor. The difference lies in that the DC motor is supplied with square wave current, while the permanent magnet synchronous motor is supplied with sine wave current. The advantages of permanent magnet motors are high power performance, excellent reliability and relatively small volume, while the disadvantages are relatively high cost, which requires certain requirements for electronic control systems.

③ Induction motor: in principle, it is more complicated than the above two, but it can be roughly divided into three steps: first, the three-phase winding of the motor will generate a rotating magnetic field; then, the rotor composed of closed coils will generate induced current when cutting the magnetic induction line in the rotating magnetic field; finally, Lorentz force will be generated due to the movement of electric charges in the magnetic field, which will make the rotor rotate. Because the magnetic field in the stator rotates first and then the rotor rotates, the induction motor is also called asynchronous motor.

2. The power battery

Power battery is the energy source of driving motor. At present, power battery is mainly classified according to positive and negative materials, including lithium cobaltate, ternary lithium, lithium manganate and Ferrous lithium phosphate. Ternary lithium and lithium iron phosphate batteries are commonly used in new energy vehicles.

Among them, lithium iron phosphate battery has the advantages of low cost, good stability and long service life, while its disadvantages are low energy density and serious battery life loss in winter. The ternary lithium battery, on the other hand, has the advantages of low energy density and relatively poor stability and life.

3. The electronic control system

Electronic control system is actually a general term, which can be divided into vehicle control system, motor control system and battery management system. A major feature of new energy vehicles is that all kinds of electronic control systems are closely related to each other. Some vehicles even have a set of electronic control systems to control all the electrical equipment on the vehicles, so it's no harm to collectively call them.

As the three electric systems are the key components of new energy vehicles, if the three electric systems are damaged, there is no doubt that the cost of repairing or replacing them is very high, so some car companies will introduce the three electric lifetime warranty policy. Of course, the three-power system is not so easy to break, so car companies dare to say lifetime warranty.